Submarines, convoys, and codebreaking shaped the Atlantic war.
U-boats sank more Allied ships from the surface at night than during daytime in early Atlantic warfare.
Some Allied convoy escorts used dolphins' echolocation to detect submerged U-boats before radar converged.
The U-boat fleet built a covert 'wolfpack' network through radio-dud timing to strike at dawn and dusk without Allied code breaks.
Weather shifts of a single Atlantic squall forced entire U-boat patrols to abort missions, saving dozens of ships by misreading the ocean.
U-boats sank more Allied ships from the surface at night than during daytime in early Atlantic warfare.
Some Allied convoy escorts used dolphins' echolocation to detect submerged U-boats before radar converged.
The U-boat fleet built a covert 'wolfpack' network through radio-dud timing to strike at dawn and dusk without Allied code breaks.
Weather shifts of a single Atlantic squall forced entire U-boat patrols to abort missions, saving dozens of ships by misreading the ocean.
