Supermassive black holes sculpt galaxies and cosmic history through jets, winds, and light.
Massive holes at galaxy centers bend spacetime and anchor galactic dynamics.
Formation paths for SMBHs: massive seeds, direct collapse, or dense clusters.
Accretion disks heat up and power radiation, winds, and jets when hungry.
Energy from black holes heats or clears gas, shaping star formation and galaxies.
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