Frankl’s late-1920s Vienna influence, debates with Freud/Adler, and the rise of existential questions about emptiness.

From the existential vacuum to logotherapy, Frankl reframes therapy around future tasks and personal meaning.

In Theresienstadt and Auschwitz, inner meaning becomes the measure of survival amid deprivation.

Three routes—work, love, and attitude—emerge as the core ways to endure and fulfill life’s demands.

Dereflection and paradoxical intention show how focusing outward restores freedom and purpose.