
How rockets turned war into a globe-spanning reach—and shaped the world.
The first intercontinental ballistic missiles carried decoy payloads to mislead radar-equipped early warning systems.
Some early ICBMs used graphite-epoxy casings that reduced weight but increased brittleness in cold war testing environments.
Nuclear-armed missiles had built-in 'zero-velocity detonation' concepts explored to ensure containment even if launched remotely.
Sputnik-era guidance wires and inertial systems were tested using spinning gyroscopes that mirrored satellite-era navigation.

How rockets turned war into a globe-spanning reach—and shaped the world.
The first intercontinental ballistic missiles carried decoy payloads to mislead radar-equipped early warning systems.
Some early ICBMs used graphite-epoxy casings that reduced weight but increased brittleness in cold war testing environments.
Nuclear-armed missiles had built-in 'zero-velocity detonation' concepts explored to ensure containment even if launched remotely.
Sputnik-era guidance wires and inertial systems were tested using spinning gyroscopes that mirrored satellite-era navigation.
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